The Richter magnitude scale is a means of observing the force of earthquakes. This scale was set up in 1935 by the American seismologist Charles Francis Richter. It is a logarithmic scale that expresses the force of the vibrations, that are measured on seismogram. In the table underneath, the number on the Richter scale indicates the strength of a shock. The description indicates the consequences of a shock.
The Mercalli intensity scale is an alternate scale to express the force of earthquakes. This intensity scale was set up in 1902 by the Italian Giuseppe Mercalli (1850-1914). The Mercalli scale is divided in 12 parts, indicated with Roman numbers. The division goes from I to XII. The table underneath contains a column with the number on the Mercalli scale that corresponds with the number on the Richter scale.
| Richter | Mercalli | Description | Frequency |
|---|---|---|---|
| < 2 | I | Can only be measured with instruments | 8,000 a day |
| [2,3[ | II | Can barely be felt, a free hanging swing moves slightly | 300,000 a year |
| [3,4[ | III | Only few people observe these vibrations; comparable to a passing truck; glasses that stand against each other lightly tinkle | 49,000 a year |
| [4,5[ | IV-V | Felt by most people; a free swing moves clearly; glasses and plates clatter; window shutters flap; parked cars swing lightly; little damage | 6,200 a year |
| [5,6[ | VI | Observed by all people with terror; many people leave their houses; chimneys may collapse; furniture moves; some cracks in patch work; danger for injuries | 800 a year |
| [6,7[ | VII-IX | Is experienced with great terror; can also be felt in moving car; partial panic possible; separate shocks occur; people quickly leave their homes; buildings get damaged and may collapse; trees swing back and forth as when the wind is strong; often there are casualties; life danger; ground swells at coast lines | 120 a year |
| [7,8[ | X-XI | Widespread panic; people are panicking and try to come outside; acute life danger in buildings; only few buildings don't collapse; tears appear in floors; casualties; gas and water pipes break; partially catastrophic consequences; destructing ground swells are possible | 18 a year |
| [8,9[ | XII | Destruction; all buildings uninhabitable; acute life danger inside as well as outside; at the coastlines catastrophic, up until 40 meters high ground swells | every 5 years |
| ?9 | - | Major disaster; destruction similar to [8,9[ ; on top of that: local plates shove; possible complete local destruction of all forms of life; also possible: major shifting of tectonic plates; appearance, shifting or disappearance of parts of countries and islands; formation of new subduction zones; change in nutation or the rotation speed of the earth | unknown; probably every 10 to 100 years |
The strength $$s \in \mathbb{R}$$ of an earthquake, expressed on the Richter scale.
The corresponding strength of an earthquake, expressed on the Mercalli scale. Use the following template to display the result: "4.48 on the Richter scale corresponds with IV-V on the Mercalli scale.". If the strength of the earthquake can't be expressed on the Mercalli scale, this template should be used: "100 on the Richter scale doesn't exist on the Mercalli scale.". The fragments in italics should of course be filled in based on the data in the input. Make sure that the value on the Richter scale is displayed in the same manner as it is displayed in the input (in other words: use an equal amount of digits after the comma).
Input:
4.48Output:
4.48 on the Richter scale corresponds with IV-V on the Mercalli scale.Input:
100.0Output:
100.0 on the Richter scale doesn't exist on the Mercalli scale.